Gary Gilmore Biografi

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Mordaren Gary Gilmore avrättades av en frivillig skjutgrupp 1977. Hans död inspirerade Norman Mailers fackbok "The Executioner's Song."

Synopsis 

Gary Gilmore föddes i Texas 1940. Hans far var en kränkande alkoholist och en svårig man vars våld och förakt för lagen överfördes till hans son. Efter att ha begått en serie eskalerande småbrott i Oregon under tonåren skickades Gilmore till reformskola och avtjänade senare hans första sträcka i fängelse. Vid 35 års ålder hade han tillbringat hälften av sitt liv i fängelse. Efter att ha fått en villkorlig frisläppning i maj 1976 flyttade Gilmore in med en kusin i Provo, Utah och ledde kort ett normalt liv. Två månader senare dödade han dock två män i kallt blod under separata rån och arresterades kort därefter. Gilmore blev skyldig till första gradsmord i sin rättegång i oktober 1976 och valde att inte överklaga sin dödsdom. Hans fall blev en samlingspunkt för motståndare av dödsstraffet, och hans avrättning försenades en tid. Han avrättades av en skjutgrupp i januari 1977. 

Född i problem 

Gary Mark Gilmore föddes den 4 december 1940 i Stonewall, Texas. Ett av fyra barn som föddes till den småman Frank och hans fru Bessie, Gilmore uthärde en orolig barndom. Familjen rörde sig ständigt om landet medan Frank gick över sin kriminella handel och skapade en instabil miljö förvärrad av hans alkoholism och fysiskt kränkande raseri. 

När Gary var tio, bodde de i Portland, Oregon, och Gary började visa tecken på problem. Efter att ha tagit upp sin far & # x2019: s åsidosättande av lagen och djupt ärr av sina explosioner av våld, gick han själv ut på en kriminell väg och begick olika småbrott som ökade i allvar med tiden. När han var i tonåren arresterades han för autostöld och tillbringade tid på MacLaren Reform School for Boys, som så småningom hölls vid Oregon State Correctional Institution som vuxen.  

Ett liv av brott 

Men Gilmore's straff gjorde ingenting för att avskräcka honom från framtida brott. Tvärtom, hans brott blev bara allvarligare i sin karaktär och eskalerade till väpnat rån och övergrepp, och han tillbringade snart lika mycket tid i fängelse som ut ur det. Trots sin benägenhet till våld var Gilmore också extremt intelligent och ägnade många timmar av sin fängelse till att skriva poesi och skapa konstverk. 1972 fick dessa talanger Gilmore en villkorlig frisläppning så att han kunde gå på konstklasser på en community college, men han begick snabbt ett annat rån och dömdes till nio år till. 

När han tjänade sin tid i en maximal säkerhetsanläggning i Illinois, började Gilmore en korrespondens med sin kusin Brenda Nicol, som blev övertygad om att Gilmore förtjänade en andra chans. 1976 släpptes han igen villkorligt, denna gång för att bo hos Nicol i Provo, där hon skulle hjälpa till att hitta honom att arbeta och ge honom det stöd han behövde för att reformera. Men efter ett kort försök till ett liv på det raka och smala, Gilmore föll tillbaka i sina gamla vanor och började en nedåtgående nedstigning som skulle spiral ut ur kontroll. 

Två mord 

Medan han bodde i Provo inledde den 35-åriga Gilmore en relation med 19-åriga Nicole Baker Barrett, men när hans beteende blev alltmer hotande lämnade hon honom några månader senare. Deras uppdelning tjänade bara till att understryka Gilmores oförmåga att anpassa sig till livet på utsidan. 

Den 19 juli 1976 rånade Gilmore bensinstationen Max Jensen vid vapenpunkten i Orem, Utah. Trots att Jensen uppfyllde sina krav, sköt Gilmore honom två gånger i huvudet och dödade honom. Redan nästa dag i Provo rånade Gilmore motellchef Ben Bushnell, som liksom Jensen uppfyllde Gilmores krav men sköts och dödades ändå. Gilmore sköt av misstag handen under incidenten, och när mekanikern som reparerade Gilmore & # x2019; s lastbil märkte det nya såret meddelade han polisen. Sökte hjälp med sin skada kontaktade Gilmore med sin kusin, men hon ringde också polisen. Gilmore arresterades i utkanten av staden kort därefter. 

Utförande av Firing Squad

Även om han medgav att ha dödat både Jensen och Bushnell, på grund av bristen på bevis i Jensen & # x2019; s mord, Gilmore, blev bara rättsförsatt för mordet på Bushnell. Fallet prövades den 5 oktober 1976 och varade bara två dagar. Efter en kort överläggning fann juryen Gilmore skyldig till mord i första graden och dömdes till dödsfall. Med tanke på ett val i läget för hans avrättande & # x2014; skjutgrupp eller hängande & # x2014; valde Gilmore att skjutas. Domen skulle genomföras följande månad. 

När Gilmore & # x2019: s advokater därefter försökte överklaga sitt mål avfyrade Gilmore dem och valde istället att acceptera sitt öde. Men hans vägran att överklaga galvaniserade American Civil Liberties Union och National Association for the Advancement of Coloured People för att göra ansträngande försök att stoppa avrättningen på uppdrag av de många fångarna i dödsräcken i hela USA. 

Under den efterföljande juridiska kränkningen försökte Gilmore två gånger självmord och gick sedan i hungerstrejk i protest mot förseningen. När hans mor försökte ingripa på hans vägnar fick han också ett brev som publicerades i pressen för att be henne att sluta. Den 17 januari 1977 avrättades Gilmore av en frivillig skjutgrupp i Utah State Prison i Draper. 

Påverkan 

Gilmore var den första mannen som avrättades i USA på tio år, och den första efter att USA: s högsta domstol återupprättade dödsstraffet. Sedan 1977 har det genomförts mer än 1400 avrättningar i USA. Gilmores historia och händelserna kring hans avrättning tjänade som ämnet för Norman Mailers & # x2019; s Pulitzer Prize & # x2013; vinnande bok Böddern's Song, publicerades 1979. En TV-filmanpassning av boken med Tommy Lee Jones i huvudrollen som Gilmore och Rosanna Arquette när Barrett släpptes 1982. 




Donaldget ([email protected])
05.08.26 05:09
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StephenApema ([email protected])
05.08.26 02:52
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Francisrot ([email protected])
05.08.26 02:50
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Michaelwak ([email protected])
05.08.26 02:50
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05.08.26 02:50
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